Ocean Lab Report Sample

Ocean Lab Report Paper We went to Cortex Madder Salt Marsh, which is located 12 miles North of San Francisco, to examine how rising and falling of tide effect on water level in the marsh and channel. My hypothesis is tide and water level of marsh and channel has positive relationship. The rising tide may raise the water level of marsh and falling tide make water level of marsh decrease. Therefore, since our experiment was limited in few hours, the water level of marsh will be changed (up or down) in few centimeters. The location map M-1) and study area map (M-2) will be attached on next page. Methods To measure and compare the water level of marsh and channel, the class moved along the levy and placed meter sticks into marsh (B) and opposing channel (A). We had four locations for variable: The T (1), Caution Sign (2), Merits Bench (3), and the Point (4). Since the meter sticks were not exactly placed to set O as the begging of change, the 0 was adjusted depend on the location. The experiment location started with 1 to 4 and came back from 4 to 1. Therefore, each location as different elapsed time. For example, site 4 (The Point) has shortest time because we put meter sticks and took off without any moving location. Result Our data has two tables because it contains data from two classes. First data is from Wednesday 19th (T-1), which is our class and the other data is from Thursday class (T-2), 20th of July. The location and the experiment time period are same for both data tables. The Tables are attached on following page. The result of T-1 and T-2 is different. T-1 does not have any significant change in eater level the greatest change was -CM/h at AAA. We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Lab Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Half of locations do not have any change. On the other hand, only 1 location does not have change in the other groups table. Most of velocities from T-2 are negative. Therefore, the water level is decreasing. No matter the experiment time is almost same (None of data has difference more than 10 minute For example, in T-1, the time in for IA is 14:39 pm and in T-2, the time in for IA is 14:33 pm), the result from each table has large difference. I assume the difference cause by having different tide cycle on both days. Discussion To confirm my assumption, which is each day has different tide cycle, I compare our data to Cortex Madder tide table. On Wednesday 19th, Cortex Madder Creek has first low tide at 3:37 AM and second low tide at 2:57 pm. The first high tide was at 10:05 am and the next high tide was at 9:22 pm. The tidal coefficient was 67 (middle). The maximum high tide recorded in the tide tables for Cortex Madder Creek which is of 7. 2 Ft and a minimum height of -2. 0 Ft. Therefore, during experiment (2:39 pm first in and 4:01 pm last out), we had second low tide after e put meter stick on B but before AAA. Then, the graph shows that the tide started to rise slowly during rest of period. B (2:40 4:01 pm), AAA pm) and B(3:13-3:38 pm) have positive velocity responding to the tide table. On Thursday, 20th of June, the first low tide was at 4:28 am and the next low tide at 3:54 pm. The first high tide was at 11:12 am and the next high tide was at 10:10 pm. The tidal coefficient was 77 (high). The maximum high tide is of 7. 2 Ft and a minimum height of -2. 0 Ft. The fist time in of meter stick was 2:33 pm and the last mime out of meter stick was 3:57 pm on Thursday.

Tales from Ancutas Inn Essays

Tales from Ancutas Inn Essays Tales from Ancutas Inn Essay Tales from Ancutas Inn Essay Narratives from Ancuta s Inn It was one aureate fall when I heard those narratives at Ancuta s Inn. But this happened in disregarded times, long ago, in that twelvemonth when such heavy rains fell on Saint Elijah s twenty-four hours, that made people say they might hold seen a black firedrake in the skies, above the overruning Waterss of the Moldova And there were besides those unusual, like neer seen before birds, twirling in the storm and paddling towards east ; uncle Leonte, seeking in his book of marks and construing the anticipations of Emperor Heraclius, proved that those dabbling feathery birds had risen lost from islands at the universe s terminal to predict war between emperors and wealth in grape harvests. And so so, the White Emperor started war against the heathen caches, directing his Muscovites over and, for the marks to turn out entirely true, God gave such wealth to the vineries in Lower-Moldavia, that winegrowers could non happen adequate barrels to set the immature vino into. And so did the bearers from our parts begin to convey vino into the mountains and that was the clip of banquets and narratives at Ancuta s Inn. There were eternal rows of bearers walking along the mountain waies. Violinists at the hostel played and sang at all times: as some fell on the floors, overthrown by fairy and vino, others would lift from the concealed corners of the hostel to maintain the banquet alive. And there were so many pipkins broken by the drinkers that adult females halting at the hostel in their manner to the Roman carnival were taken by such surprise, as to traverse themselves for whole two old ages after. And, remaining about fires, hard-tried work forces, cup and can with fires, kept frying hunks of random-access memory and calf or grilling Leuciscus leuciscus and barbell, brought from the Waterss of the Moldova. And there she was, the immature Ancuta, merely as scowling and sly as her female parent, tampering every here and at that place like an hob ; with rose-colored cheeks, a skirt pinned to her waist and turned up arms, she was functioning vino and nutrient, laughs and sort words to everyone traversing the hostel s threshold. What you should cognize about Ancuta s Inn is that this was non merely an ordinary hostel, but a fortress. It was surrounded by such thick walls and had those really monolithic Gatess like I have neer seen before or after in my life once more. Inside the hostel, work forces, cowss and carts could take shelter wholly, without holding the slightest fright for stealers Still, during those times I am speaking about, peace ruled over the state and good will among people. The hostel kept ever its Gatess opened, merely like the Voivode did with His at the tribunal. And, in between their bars, you could see it on all mild fall yearss the vale of the Moldova stretching every bit far as your eyes might make ; and so the shadow-nests thrown by mountains over the fir forests to Ceahlau and Halucea. Later, after the Sun had immersed into the kingdom of darkness and distant lineations began to bit by bit conk away, gliding into a cryptic ocean of pitch, the fires at the hostel displayed their playful visible radiations on the sober rock walls and pierced the inkiness sheets covering doors and barred Windowss likewise. From clip to clip, the violinists vocals would discontinue, to allow the narratives be said and heard. During those fat and gay yearss, there was this beefeater, really beloved to me but stranger to those parts, standing near the hostel, like one of its hemorrhoids. He would even vie with Uncle Leonte at construing all things that there are on Earth. He would raise his pot to everyone coming at the hostel and listen to the violinists vocals lost in his ideas, with empty eyes, like carried off by the thaumaturgy of the music. He was a tall, gray adult male, holding a shriveled, wrinkled face. Around his pencil-thin mustache and at the tail of his small eyes, countless, little folds engraved the tegument. His eyes were so deep and cryptic and as for the pencil-thin-moustached cheek, it seemed to smile with bleak at times. His name was Ionita, the Comis. Well, this Comis Ionita had a pretty unit of ammunition pouch at his belt, kept under his Grey, woolen array. And the manner he had appeared at the hostel siting an terribly unusual Equus caballus the exact same Equus caballus from the narrative, before eating its hot coals salver. Skin and castanetss entirely! ! ! A brownish-orange Equus caballus, with three white-spotted legs and a high saddle on his dorsum, standing still near some wall, with a clump of strws under his neb I am non here to remain said Comis Ionita one time in a piece, keeping the pot in his manus ; I would mount and put off to my universe, merely like this for my oxalis is ever ready to be saddled There is no other Equus caballus like mine in the whole broad universe I mount and with my astrakhan cap on one ear, so I go without giving a darn As for traveling off he went nowhere. He would remain at that place with us. So it is, as you say, replied Uncle Leonte one time ; a Equus caballus like yours is nowhere to be found, non even if you searched for one in every land of the universe, for whole nine old ages! It gives me trembles, believing of how much this really tegument of his might worth! A luck it must be! That s something you are stating, my friend! shouted the beefeater, rippling his pencil-thin mustache. This Equus caballus, so scraggy, yet that brassy, meets no earthly needs like remainder or hungriness whatsoever. He casts nutrient no more than a glimpse and does nt mind at all if I forget to give him H2O. And the saddle seems like it s grown out of him. This Equus caballus is one of baronial beginning. He s coming from a white-spotted-legs female horse, of class, the 1 that His Highness, the voivode Mihalache Sturza himself, looked at with great surprise, therefore doing me take pride in her in all my yearss of young person Why would the voivode expression at your female horse with such surprise, Comis Ionita? Was she that skinny excessively? It goes without stating. This could be a narrative that I might state you all, if you care to listen How come we would nt listen, uncle Ionita? particularly to a narrative dating back from the times of Mihai Sturza the Voivode! Especially from the times ofmy young person said the beefeater, with a serious tone in his voice. By so, we were in the same topographic point as we are today, here at the hostel, remaining around its fires and all those immature vino carts ; merely the people were different, people who now got back to ashes ; among us, there was the other Ancuta tampering from here to at that place, this Ancuta s female parent, who besides left this universe for a less joyful one. One twenty-four hours in those times, I was remaining at the hostel s door, and every bit sad as I was, I had the pot in my left manus and the female horse s rein in my right And the other Ancuta, who used to sit in the same topographic point as this 1 does, leaned against the door jamb, listened to what I was stating Whatever I said back so, I now do nt cognize ; those were my empty words blown off by the air current of limbo, merely like the foliages in fall. While Comis Ionita was concealing a pensive smiling under his scratchy, pencil-thin mustache, the remainder of us, all interns and Carters from Upper-Moldavia got seated around him, on logs and cart-shafts, with our mentums up and our eyes round unfastened. The immature Ancuta was standing in the room access, leaned against the door-jamb ; and the fall Sun was touching half her face so gently, as to dress her cheek in a aureate beaming. In the nearby vale, the Waterss of the Moldova were scintillating among brushs so closely to the hostel, whereas from far off, the mountains flint surges puting underneath blue mists were looking directly at you with rocky eyes. Entirely and surrounded by thick silence, the beefeater s boney Equus caballus had all of a sudden released a neigh from top of the hostel incline, a really awful neigh so, followed by a diabolic leer that we all witnessed with fright. Both frightened and astonied, Ancuta turned her scowling eyes at him. Ayeee! That s it! said the Comis ; that s the same manner my old female horse used to neigh and leer Poor thing Who knows where she s now Possibly, eaten by wolves someplace but her leer is still alive and carried on to frighten this other Ancuta. As I was stating you fellows, I was right here in this topographic point, ready to swing into the saddle and travel, with one pes in the stirrup and so, all of a sudden I hear this noise of a whip flicking, rounded off by wheels quivering. When I raise and mind my caput, what I see is a carriage-and-four rushing into the state route towards the hostel. Once arrived at the hostel, the passenger car stops in forepart of it and so, the boyar gets off to see Ancuta s eyes, harmonizing to usage. As he s nearing the hostel, I raise my pot in his wellness. He stops in the manner and looks at me with a big smiling on his face, so at the female horse and at the work forces around me, decidedly charmed by the warm welcome he s received. He was a short adult male this boyar, with a ruddy rounded face fungus and a thin aureate concatenation at his cervix My good friends, said the boyar, it makes me so happy to see that much joy and hilarity in Moldavia It makes us merely as happy, I said, to hear such nice words. That s worth the finest of our vinos. And so the boyar smiled once more and asked me where I was coming from and heading to. Respected boyar, I replied, I m coming from a household of beefeaters in the Draganesti small town, the land of Suceava. As for a nice and steady shelter to travel to, I do nt hold one, but I have my long, crisp teethed enemies alternatively. And there is this test that I m holding, which seems to neer stop. I got this from my male parent, the beadle Iona, and I am really afraid that I might merely every bit good pass it on to my kids, if it s God s will to give me any How come? asked the boyar surprised. It s how I m stating, for our suit, respected boyar, began long earlier the times of Voievod Calimah. And we had had hearings, so my relations went to the Divan in bends, from one coevals to another ; and research had been made, boundaries marked and testimonies under curse asked for. Some of my household had died under this test, with others acquiring born ready to take it over and transport it on, but still justness could non be found, non even in my yearss. On top of this, my enemy has furrowed 12 pess and five spans of my bequest down to Velia bee house with his Big Dipper. And so, I raised a new ailment to the vataf, but once more I got no clemency ; my enemy, you see, he is a great vulture, a boyar, no offense whatsoever. Sing how things work, I took the large bag with old documents down from the loft once more, I tried to spell them out the best I could, I picked the best preserved and put them under my belt. I mounted on my female horse and off I go to Voda! Let him do me jus tness! ! ! How could that be? Asked the boyar one time once more surprised, playing with his face fungus and with his aureate concatenation. Are you truly on your manner to Voda? Now, the Comis lowered his voice a spot, but still the immature Ancuta ( ) overheard what was to go on unless the beefeater found his justness in Voda s custodies. If Voda could nt do him justness either, so ought His Highness to snog the beefeater s female horse non far off from its narrative! ! ! [ ] After that, the boyar got in his passenger car and gone he was. [ ] Your Highness, I said out burden, I am here for justness! And Voda answered: Raise up! When hearing his voice, I raised my eyes so rapidly and so I saw the boyar from the hostel. [ ] All right, yeoman, you ll acquire the justness you diserve. [ ] But what would go on if I did nt do you justness? Oh good, Your Highness, I answered express joying, I m non taking back my words. The female horse s merely across the route, ..

Motivational Methods Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Motivational Methods Paper - Essay Example This essay principally has concern on the motivational techniques that managers apply when introducing change to their employees (Intuition Learning and Development). Herein is the importances of applying motivational techniques to the employees as well as to the organization. Further, the essay brings to light the impact of change to particular individuals. Finally, the essay introduces the best means of improving motivational techniques to impede negative results when aspiring to introduce change. Motivation refers to the desire of individuals to enable others be able to perform tasks in an expert manner. Downsizing departments refer to the task undertaken by managers to reduce the number of employees within various departments. The act of downsizing department has negative results on employees. First, it reduces employee morale since those left work under pressure, as they lack knowledge about who is the next individual to leave the department (Intuition Learning and Development). Secondly, it leads to poor quality of output due to decreased morale when performing assigned tasks. The positive outcome of managerial development depends on the ability of managers to apply the best techniques of motivation. Kusluvan 340 asserts that motivation is the source of both poor and improved employee performance. Intuition, Learning and Development denotes the three major motivational techniques of use by managers. The manner in which managers treat their subordinates are of great significance to the overall performance of employees. Managers should treat their employees as individuals with dignity and aspire to establish the best ways of enhancing employee performance. There are ways managers ought to take in when desiring to treat employees well. To begin with, managers should know what best motivates employees (Intuition Learning and Development). Having favorable knowledge about employee motivation needs results in less resistance when enacting changes within the

Nelson Mandela Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Nelson Mandela - Research Paper Example Nelson Mandela’s rejection of the offer of conditional amnesty made by Botha, the second was Nelson Mandela’s search for a way to make peace after the assassination of Chris Hani, and the third was Nelson Mandela’s refusal to stand as president for a second term. Because of these decisions, Nelson Mandela not only served as a successful political leader, but also earned a lot of respect in the eyes of people of his own nation as well as the whole world in general. The African National Congress was in much need of a sturdier measure against the apartheid government. The armed wing launched by Nelson Mandela helped attack the apartheid government. Today, he is remembered as a very successful political leader and people study his leadership tenure to learn lessons for effective and successful leadership. Nelson Mandela can be considered as a great leader because he is the pioneer of the modern South Africa. The influence of Nelson Mandela on the political scenario of South Africa today is huge. Nelson Mandela was very popular among the South Africans. Many people of his nation called him Madiba that was the traditional clan name of Nelson Mandela. He was also known by the word Tata, which is used to refer to father in the tribe of Xhosa (Karimi, 2013). He struggled for freedom tirelessly, which earned Nelson Mandela the respect of not only his own people, but also the whole world at large. He is popular for his passion, humanity, and humility. Nelson Mandela saw the armed fight as a mechanism of defense against the violence inflicted by the government. He said, â€Å"My people, Africans, are turning to deliberate acts of violence and of force against the government in order to persuade the government, in the only language which this government shows by its own behavior that it understands†¦If there is no dawning of sanity on the part of the government -- ultimately, the dispute between the government and my people will finish up by being settled in violence and

Unit 5 Individual Project Biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Unit 5 Individual Project Biology - Essay Example The Dichotomous Key (Appendix B) was used to determine the taxonomic category (phylum or class) for each animal picture, and these categories written on Classification Column on the table. The phylum list (Appendix A) for each animal picture were also written in column one; and all steps on column two as used to arriving at the classification for each animal given. The cartilaginous Fish are in class chondricthyes for instance the rays and sharks. Their skeleton is made of cartilage and not the bone. They do not have the lungs and swim bladders. The placodermi fishes are precursors of these fish that are now extinct. They were the first fish to develop paired fins and jaws. (Don, & DeeAnn, 2005). 6. The three types of mammals based on how the young one develops are marsupials, monotremes, and placentals. The monotremes lay eggs; marsupials give birth to underdeveloped young ones and develop them in a pouch such as the koala and kangaroo (Mayr, & Bock, 2002). The placental mammals give birth to adequately mature young ones, feed them via the placenta until they are fully developed in a womb before they are born (Mayr, & Bock, 2002). An example is the humans. Dichotomous means â€Å"divided or cut into two parts.† A dichotomous key is a tool used by scientists to classify organisms into classification categories or taxa. The key is made up of a series of numbered couplets, and within each couplet are two opposing statements which you read, choosing the one that best fits the animal picture. To use the key, you always start at the first couplet (look for a 1 in the first column). Read the two couplet choices (labeled a and b in the second column), and consider them carefully. If you do not know the meaning of a word, as some of these terms are technical, look them up in a reference, a dictionary, or your textbook glossary, perhaps. Again, you

CMV Infection Epidemiology and Pathogenesis

CMV Infection Epidemiology and Pathogenesis Virus Strain Variation An important variable that may impact the prognosis of infection may be viral strain variation. It has been hypothesized that some clinical strains of CMV are intrinsically more harmful, based on variability in genes implicated in viral pathogenesis. Some subtypes of CMV classified on the basis of their UL144 (TNF receptor homolog) sequence were described as being more likely to be associated with symptomatic disease (Arav-Boger etal., 2006), irrespective of the viral load. On the other hand, other studies were unable to confirm any association with UL144 genotype and the outcome of infection. No differences in clinical outcome could be attributed to variants of the CK homologs, UL146 and UL147 (Heo etal., 2008). When genotypes based on the sequence heterogeneity in the envelope glycoprotein gene, gN (UL73), were compared, congenital infection with one genotype, gN-1, was associated with an improved prognosis with respect to long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae (Pignatelli etal., 2003). In another study of infants with congenital infection, the distribution of genotypes for the gB glycoprotein gene (UL55) showed significant differences, depending upon the disease classification observed, but no information was reported on long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae (Jin etal., 2007). Differences in virulence between strains of HCMV may reflect their abilities to attach to cells. HCMV strains Toledo (low passage in cell culture), Towne and AD169 (cell culture-adapted) exhibited differences in virulence in vaccinated volunteers. Growth differences relative to virulence of the various HCMV isolates have also been observed in endothelial cells. Differences in glycoproteins may be the reason for the differences in abilities to attach and replicate in cells. HCMV was originally classified into four genotypes of gB, each with a characteristic nucleotide and peptide sequence, but later, a fifth glycoprotein genotype has been identified (Sweet, 1999). Clinical HCMV isolates are slower growing on human fibroblast cells and differ from laboratory adapted strains of HCMV in that they encode additional sequences in the ULb locus (about 19kb), which is believed to be associated with viral pathogenicity and/or the ability of the virus to grow on epithelial/endothelial cells (Hahn et al., 2004). This locus is rapidly mutated and deleted in the process of adaptation of the virus to tissue culture fibroblast cells (Dargan et al., 2010). The UL128-131 genes in the ULb locus have been demonstrated to be necessary for virus entry into epithelial and endothelial cells by a newly identified endocytic method of cell entry that is different from the pathway of infection in fibroblast cells (Ryckman et al., 2006). Epidemiology Human CMV is an ancient virus that is ubiquitous in human populations, reaching a prevalence of 100% in Africa and Asia, and approximately 80% in Europe and the USA, depending on socioeconomic status (Cannon et al., 2010). CMV infection is widespread and occurs worldwide. (Bate et al., 2010). Seroprevalence rates vary depending on age (higher rates are observed among older persons), geography (higher rates in developing countries), and socioeconomic status (higher rates in economically depressed regions) (Bate et al., 2010, and Cannon etal., 2010). Primary CMV infection occurs most commonly during the first 2 decades of life (Joseph et al., 2006). Non-white race, low socio-economic status, premature birth, and neonatal intensive care unit admittance are among the important risk factors for congenital CMV infection (Kenneson and Cannon, 2007).Congenital CMV infection can occur in 0.5-2% of all pregnancies, often with devastating consequences for the developing fetus (Sung and Schleiss, 2010). Among congenitally infected infants, approximately 10% have signs and symptoms of disease at birth. Although the remaining 90% of infants are asymptomatic at birth, 10-15% will subsequently develop permanent sequelae, including sensorineural hearing loss and mental retardation (Cheeran et al., 2009). It has been reported that 25% of congenitally infected infants whose mother had a primary HCMV infection during pregnancy had at least one sequela, compared with 8% in infants born to women with recurrent infection (Sung and Schleiss, 2010). The impact of congenital CMV is greater in the developed world because of the number of CMV negative wo men of child bearing age and the risk of primary infection during pregnancy which substantially increases the likelihood of congenital infection (Colugnati et al., 2007). In the developed world, congenital HCMV is the second most common cause of mental retardation next to Downs syndrome (Dollard et al., 2007). Additionally, HCMV related deafness occurs at a greater frequency than that related to Hemophilus influenza infection in the preHIB vaccine era (McGregor and Choi, 2015). Transplacental transmission of virus occurs in about one-third of mothers with primary CMV infection (Kenneson and Cannon, 2007), and approximately one-half of these infections in utero result in a symptomatic clinical syndrome (Adler et al., 2007). Epidemiological data suggest that the timing of acquisition of primary infection relative to the establishment of pregnancy is an important factor in establishing the risk to the fetus for in utero transmission (Revello et al., 2006). The infection is acquired by 40% of children within the first decade of life. Seroprevalence increases to 80% by the age of 60 (Kenneson and Cannon, 2007). Most HIV-infected individuals are seropositive for CMV. HIV infection accelerates the development of CMV-dependant immunological abnormalities (Barrett et al., 2012). In Africa, the prevalence of CMV IgG among HIV-negative adults was 81.8% (range 55-97%). For HIV-infected adults the pooled CMV IgG seroprevalence was lower among those with clinically defined AIDS (81.9%, range 59-100%) than among asymptomatic HIV-infected adults (94.8%, range 71-100%), consistent with the notion of weaker humoral responses associated with AIDS progression. It is also possible that some non-HIV infected adults are infected but do not mount a measurable IgG response. Among pregnant women seroprevalence mirrored that among healthy blood donors, although the HIV status of participants was not always stated. In children, pooled seroprevalence was 88.1% (range 80-100%). With this very high seroprevalence in children, even in very young infants, one would expect seroprevalence among adults to be consistently close to 100% (Bates and Brantsaeter, 2016). In Egypt, the seroprevalence of CMV infection among pregnant women and acute lymphoblastic leukaemic patients was 100%(Bates and Brantsaeter, 2016). Pathogenesis CMV employs at least two distinct, cell-type specific mechanisms of cell entry. Entry of CMV into endothelial and epithelial cells is mediated by endocytosis in a pH-dependent fashion; in contrast, entry into fibroblasts is non-endocytic, and pH-independent. CMV fibroblast entry is believed to be initiated by binding of virion-associated gB to a cell surface receptor, followed by fusion with the cell membrane in a process that requires a complex of three other glycoproteins: gH, gL, and gO (Ryckman etal., 2006). In contrast to the model of CMV entry for fibroblasts, endocytic entry of CMV into endothelial and epithelial cells requires a complex of gH, gL, and three other proteins encoded by a region of the CMV genome referred to as the UL128-131 gene locus (Wang and Shenk, 2005). The pathologic effect of a CMV-encoded gene is believed to be mediated directly by that gene product; in other situations, CMV infection leads to downstream effects on cellular gene expression that then may potentially lead to pathologic outcomes. In many circumstances, CMV gene products mediate more than one pathogenic effect and there is considerable overlap across these categories (Schleiss, 2011). Following infection, the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for the major 72-kilodalton IE protein is transcribed more abundantly than any other mRNA as a result of an upstream regulatory sequence of DNA that competes more efficiently for ribonucleic acid polymerase 11 (Stinski, 1984). These upstream enhancer sequences constitute the first step in the regulation of CMV gene expression. The 72-kilodalton protein is then transported back to the nucleus, presumably to influence the switch from restricted transcription of the long unique sequence to more extensive transcription. A block in the synthesis of IE proteins disrupts any further transcription of the viral genome, suggesting that these proteins may play a major role in determining whether a CMV infection is latent, persistent, or productive (Spector and Spector, 1984). The pathogenesis of disease associated with acute CMV infection has been attributed to lytic virus replication, with end-organ damage occurring either secondary to virus-mediated cell death or from pathologic host immune responses targeting virus-infected cells (Britt et al., 2008).

Sarbanes Oxley :: essays research papers

â€Å"Effects of a widening trade deficit and the necessary government policy† â€Å"Trade Gap Widens, Fuels Calls for Tougher Stance on China† WSJ, 4/13/05, A2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The U.S. current account (trade deficit) hit a monthly high rising 4.3% in February to $61.04 billion. The increased deficit reflects the rising costs of imported oil and increased consumer demand for foreign goods. Imports rose by $2.58 billion from January to February as Exports remained constant.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The widening trade deficit over the past two years has economists concerned about the longevity of attracting foreign capital. This is especially true between China and the U.S. where the deficit has increased 50% from 2004, making it the largest deficit of any single country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a result, there is pressure from industry officials to consider stronger trade guidelines to correct for this widening deficit. The U.S. cites the fixed yuan-dollar exchange rate for keeping China’s currency relatively weak and therefore encouraging the consumption of Chinese goods in world markets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The U.S. government is considering a 27.5% tariff on all Chinese products entering the U.S. if Beijing refuses to raise the value of their currency. This purpose of this tariff would be to offset China’s currency advantage, but critics argue it may increase the price of Chinese-made goods more than a currency adjustment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To assess the validity the proposed policies for this scenario, we will analyze this issue using intermediate economic theory as a framework.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The current account is of great concern to U.S. policymakers as a long-run surplus or deficit may have undesirable effects on the national welfare. Large imbalances can also create political pressures for increased trade restrictions, as is the case in our study. Therefore, it is important to determine how monetary and fiscal policies will affect the current account with respect to output and the exchange rate. We can illustrate the relationship between the exchange rate, output, and the current account in terms of the AA-DD framework. The XX curve shows the combinations of the exchange rate and output where the current account balance would be equal to some desired level (equilibrium). The XX schedule is upward sloping because, ceteris paribus, an increase in output encourages spending on imports and worsens the current account if it is not accompanied by currency depreciation. The point labeled A, is where the graph is in equilibrium and the economy is at full employment (Yf) with a given exchange rate, Eo.

Essentialism in society Essay

Essentialism in society is â€Å"the practice of regarding something (as a presumed human trait) as having innate existence or universal validity rather than as being a social, ideological, or intellectual construct,† or in simpler terms, ascribing one trait or set of traits to a specific group of people, disregarding individual variations or possible variations ( Spelman, n. d. ). Essentialism is practiced by everyone as a biological pattern-recognition mechanism. It can, however, and frequently is, used as a hostile tool to oppress and subject people grouped together by race, gender, financial circumstances, and sexual identities and orientations. Essentialism is a dangerously powerful tool employed by politicians hoping to incite the emotions of the general populace enough to overlook the rationality of their words and meanings. Essentialism is degrading to every person on a personal level; it strips individuals of individuality, attributing traits based on skin tone, hair color, religious beliefs, sexual preferences, sexual identity, gender identity, body type, clothing choices– leaving room only for what are considered the â€Å"basics,† regardless of their truth or falseness. It defines â€Å"gender roles,† â€Å"race roles,† any role based on these traits (Narrative Therapy, n. d. ). The increasingly accessible media of popular music acts only as fuel for reducing whole bodies of people to one set of traits. Statistics regarding record sales are null and void when the actual listening audience of any popular music is concerned; it is played in shopping malls, on public transportation, in private businesses, often on public streets: any genre of popular music has an ample audience at any given moment in time. For that reason alone its many mixed messages are spread wide and unevenly (Book Rags, 2009). Pop music has songs with confident lyrics, cocky lyrics, lyrics alluding to serious depression, jealousy, melancholy, drinking and drug habits (healthy and unhealthy), often revolving around and promoting â€Å"traditional† (that is, mainstream) gender roles, sexual identities, and racial identities. Record sales alone indicate a substantial audience willing to invest monetarily in songs they may or may not necessarily agree with the lyrics of; however, the continued inclusion of such essentialist lyrics is a significant indication that a majority of listeners, if not in complete agreement with them, are not actively attempting to staunch the accelerating insertion of essentialism into the everyday lives of its listeners (On Distinction, 2009). Bibliography Elizabeth, Spelman. Inessential Woman. Google. 02 July 2009 . Book Rags. Google. 2 July 2009 . Narrative Therapy. Google. 2 July 2009 . On Distinction. 07 July 2006. Google. 2 July 2009

Definition and Examples of Language Death

Definition and Examples of Language Death Language death is a  linguistic term for the end or extinction of a language. Also called language extinction. Language Extinction Distinctions are commonly drawn between an endangered language (one with few or no children learning the language) and an extinct language (one in which the last native speaker has died).   A Language Dies Every Two Weeks Linguist David Crystal has estimated that one language [is] dying out somewhere in the world, on average, every two weeks (By Hook or by Crook: A Journey in Search of English, 2008). Language Death Every 14 days a language dies. By 2100, more than half of the more than 7,000 languages spoken on Earthmany of them not yet recordedmay disappear, taking with them a wealth of knowledge about history, culture, the natural environment, and the human brain. (National Geographic Society, Enduring Voices Project)I am always sorry when any language is lost, because languages are the pedigree of nations. (Samuel Johnson, quoted by James Boswell in The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides, 1785)Language death occurs in unstable bilingual or multilingual speech communities as a result of language shift from a regressive minority language to a dominant majority language. (Wolfgang Dressler, Language Death. 1988)Aboriginal Australia holds some of the worlds most endangered languages including Amurdag, which was believed to be extinct until a few years ago when linguists came across speaker Charlie Mangulda living in the Northern Territory.(Holly Bentley, Mind Your Language. The Guardian, Aug. 13, 2010) The Effects of a Dominant Language A language is said to be dead when no one speaks it any more. It may continue to have existence in recorded form, of coursetraditionally in writing, more recently as part of a sound or video archive (and it does in a sense live on in this way)but unless it has fluent speakers one would not talk of it as a living language. . . .The effects of a dominant language vary markedly in different parts of the world, as do attitudes towards it. In Australia, the presence of English has, directly or indirectly, caused great linguistic devastation, with 90% of languages moribund. But English is not the language which is dominant throughout Latin America: if languages are dying there, it is not through any fault of English. Moreover, the presence of a dominant language does not automatically result in a 90% extinction rate. Russian has long been dominant in the countries of the former USSR, but there the total destruction of local languages has been estimated to be only (sic) 50%.(David Crystal, Language Death. Cambridge University Press, 2002) Aesthetic Loss The main loss when a language dies is not cultural but aesthetic. The click sounds in certain African languages are magnificent to hear. In many Amazonian languages, when you say something you have to specify, with a suffix, where you got the information. The Ket language of Siberia is so awesomely irregular as to seem a work of art.But let’s remember that this aesthetic delight is mainly savored by the outside observer, often a professional savorer like myself. Professional linguists or anthropologists are part of a distinct human minority. . . .At the end of the day, language death is, ironically, a symptom of people coming together. Globalization means hitherto isolated peoples migrating and sharing space. For them to do so and still maintain distinct languages across generations happens only amidst unusually tenacious self-isolationsuch as that of the Amishor brutal segregation. (Jews did not speak Yiddish in order to revel in their diversity but because they lived in an a partheid society.)(John McWhorter, The Cosmopolitan Tongue: The Universality of English. World Affairs Journal, Fall 2009) Steps to Preserve a Language [T]he best non-linguists can do, in North-America, towards preserving languages, dialects, vocabularies and the like is, among other possible actions, (French linguist Claude Hagà ¨ge, author of On the Death and Life of Languages, in Q and A: The Death of Languages. The New York Times, Dec. 16, 2009) Participating in associations which, in the US and Canada, work to obtain from local and national governments a recognition of the importance of Indian languages (prosecuted and led to quasi-extinction during the XIXth century) and cultures, such as those of the Algonquian, Athabaskan, Haida, Na-Dene, Nootkan, Penutian, Salishan, Tlingit communities, to name just a few;Participating in funding the creation of schools and the appointment and payment of competent teachers;Participating in the training of linguists and ethnologists belonging to Indian tribes, in order to foster the publication of grammars and dictionaries, which should also be financially helped;Acting in order to introduce the knowledge of Indian cultures as one of the important topics in American and Canadian TV and radio programs. An Endangered Language in Tabasco The language of Ayapaneco has been spoken in the land now known as Mexico for centuries. It has survived the Spanish conquest, seen off wars, revolutions, famines and floods. But now, like so many other indigenous languages, its at risk of extinction.There are just two people left who can speak it fluentlybut they refuse to talk to each other. Manuel Segovia, 75, and Isidro Velazquez, 69, live 500 metres apart in the village of Ayapa in the tropical lowlands of the southern state of Tabasco. It is not clear whether there is a long-buried argument behind their mutual avoidance, but people who know them say they have never really enjoyed each others company.They dont have a lot in common, says Daniel Suslak, a linguistic anthropologist from Indiana University, who is involved with a project to produce a dictionary of Ayapaneco. Segovia, he says, can be a little prickly and Velazquez, who is more stoic, rarely likes to leave his home.The dictionary is part of a race against time to revi talize the language before it is definitively too late. When I was a boy everybody spoke it, Segovia told the Guardian by phone. Its disappeared little by little, and now I suppose it might die with me. (Jo Tuckman, Language at Risk of Dying OutLast Two Speakers Arent Talking. The Guardian, April 13, 2011) Those linguists racing to save dying languagesurging villagers to raise their children in the small and threatened language rather than the bigger national languageface criticism that they are unintentionally helping keep people impoverished by encouraging them to stay in a small-language ghetto. (Robert Lane Greene, You Are What You Speak. Delacorte, 2011)

Free Essays on Restoration Review “The Last Supper“

Restoration Drama In my opinion the restoration of the â€Å"Last Supper† by Leonardo De Vinci was necessary to salvage at least part of Leonardo’s original work. I have always appreciated the character that years of patina add to furniture and probably would have appreciated the same in the â€Å"Last Supper†. If I were to have seen it prior to it’s restoration and was unaware of all the previous attempts I would have felt they should have left it alone and would have thought the restoration was too much. Keeping in mind that Barcilon did uncover some of Leonardo’s original work was worth the restoration. I do however believe that the retouching should have been done in the same mediums as the original works and a protective coating adhered for future preservation.... Free Essays on Restoration Review â€Å"The Last Supperâ€Å" Free Essays on Restoration Review â€Å"The Last Supperâ€Å" Restoration Drama In my opinion the restoration of the â€Å"Last Supper† by Leonardo De Vinci was necessary to salvage at least part of Leonardo’s original work. I have always appreciated the character that years of patina add to furniture and probably would have appreciated the same in the â€Å"Last Supper†. If I were to have seen it prior to it’s restoration and was unaware of all the previous attempts I would have felt they should have left it alone and would have thought the restoration was too much. Keeping in mind that Barcilon did uncover some of Leonardo’s original work was worth the restoration. I do however believe that the retouching should have been done in the same mediums as the original works and a protective coating adhered for future preservation....

Martin Luther King Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Martin Luther King - Essay Example After developing this persuasive statement, King then proceeds into his rational argument concerning the significant steps of any peaceful campaign.   King’s examination of the reasons and essential disputes that are propelling the turbulence amid blacks and whites in Birmingham uses logos. â€Å"Birmingham is probably the most thoroughly segregated city in the United State.† He uses such boundaries to reinforce his point of view. By utilizing logical argument that is well thought-out and chronological, King pleas to a cultured audience imagination and logic. Another occasion when Martin Luther King Jr. uses the technique of honestly dealing with his audience to present his refutation is manifest in the part of his letter's beginning. "You may well ask: Why direct action?"/isn't negotiation a better path?". For this case, Martin Luther King uses to appeal to logic as the key spine of his argument but infrequently intertwines pathos and intelligent word choice along th e logos. King’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† is a grand piece of writing. Emotional strength of the letter is one of the aspects behind the success of this writing. In spite of the utilization of pigeonhole sentences, his message is clear and sensational. However, I feel that this letter was slightly verbose and florid as the same time. Also, I felt that the use of stereotyped letters somehow blithely weighed down a little on the overall message in the letter. In all, King has been capable of making it one of the most broadly read article.

HCL gas detection by using manual air sampling pump Lab Report

HCL gas detection by using manual air sampling pump - Lab Report Example This, thus imply that, the Gas Detection Tubes were adopted in testing of more than 130 hazardous gases and vapors. Some of The such gases include Ammonia, Chlorine, Carbon monoxide, Bromonzene, formaldehyde, Hydrogen sulfide, Nitrous fumes, Hydrogen peroxide, Hexane, Hydrogen chloride, Sulfur dioxide, Nitrogen dioxide, phosphine among others (Bamberger, 1988). The detector tubes are the flame sealed glass made tubes that contain treated adsorbent granules that often react specific compounds thereby causing the given adsorbent to change its color. When in use, a sample is first collected through the process of attaching the detector tube onto some special bellows-type pump, which takes up a given known volume of air during each stroke. This is followed by measuring the length of the adsorbent bed, which would have undergone the color change. In this method, a gas sample is pulled through the glass tube with a reagent and a reaction between the solid reagent and the gas forming a char acteristic color that is quite irritating odor. Although not considered as a combustible gas, it may react and form combustible compounds when it is in contact with hydrogen cyanide and alcohol or with aluminum-titanium alloys. Dissolving Hydrogen Chloride gas in water yields a strong highly corrosive acid, HCL. It is for this reason that HCl gas is a strong irritant to the nose, eyes, and upper respiratory tract. HCL levels of 35 ppm can cause irritation to the throat even within a very short period of time. The manual sampling pump is a springless design for accurate 50 and 100 cc sample volumes pump. The flow finish indicator signals the stroke completion and build in tube tip breaker for a clean break every time. The hand operated precision piston works with the RAE System gas detection tubes (Bamberger, 1988). The features flow –finish indicator is used to signal stroke completion,